„Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău is structured into five faculties corresponding to the main scientific domains: the Faculty of Engineering, the Faculty of Letters, the Faculty of Sciences, the Faculty of Economic Sciences, and the Faculty of Movement, Sports, and Health Sciences. Research activity is coordinated by the Institute for Research, Development, Innovation, Consultancy, and Technological Transfer that includes the research centres, research laboratories, and the research personnel.

The current structure of „Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău is:

• 2 university campuses – Mărăşeşti and Spiru Haret;
• 4 student hostels;
• the University Library;
• the University canteen;
• 9 buildings;

„Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău has evolved to a structure constituted of 5 Faculties (the Faculty of engineering, the faculty of Letters, the Faculty of Sciences, the Faculty of Economic Sciences, the Faculty of Motion, Sports, and Health Sciences) and a Pre- and In-service Teacher Training Department. In the University, 34 bachelor’s degree study programmes, 32 master's degree study programmes, 3 doctoral studies programmes, as well as a number of lifelong postgraduate professional training and development programmes are operational. Besides these, the students of „Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău have access to the courses of the Pre- and In-service Teacher Training Department, they may obtain the ECDL – European Computer Driving Licence, which is the world's leading end-user computer skills certification programme, and they may also attend the academic Cisco Networking programme.